Rock
Rock
music is a genre of
popular music that originated as "Rock and Roll" in 1950s America and developed into a range of different
styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United
Kingdom and the United States . It has its
roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by rhythm and blues and country
music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number
of other genres such as blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and
other musical sources.
Musically, rock has centered around the electric guitar, usually as
part of a rock group with bass guitar and drums. Typically,
rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature utilizing
a verse-chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse and common
musical characteristics are difficult to define. Like pop music, lyrics
often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes
that are frequently social or political in emphasis. The dominance of rock by
white, male musicians has been seen as one of the key factors shaping the
themes explored in rock music. Rock places a higher degree of emphasis on
musicianship, live performance, and an ideology of authenticity than pop music.
By the late 1960s, referred to as the "golden age" or
"classic rock" period, a number of distinct rock music
sub-genres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock,
country rock, and jazz-rock fusion, many of which contributed to the
development of psychedelic rock influenced by the counter-cultural psychedelic
scene. New genres that emerged from this scene included progressive rock,
which extended the artistic elements; glam rock, which highlighted showmanship
and visual style; and the diverse and enduring major sub-genre of heavy
metal, which emphasized volume, power and speed. In the second half of the
1970s, punk rock both intensified and reacted against some of these
trends to produce a raw, energetic form of music characterized by overt
political and social critiques. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the
subsequent development of other sub-genres, including New
Wave, post-punk and eventually the alternative
rock movement. From the 1990s alternative rock began to dominate rock
music and break through into the mainstream in the form
of grunge, Britpop, and indie rock. Further fusion sub-genres
have since emerged, including pop punk, rap rock, and rap metal,
as well as conscious attempts to revisit rock's history, including
the garage rock/post-punk and synthpop revivals at the beginning
of the new millennium.
Rock music has also embodied and served as the vehicle for cultural and
social movements, leading to major sub-cultures
including mods and rockers in the UK and the "hippie" counterculture
that spread out from San Francisco in the US in
the 1960s. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually
distinctive goth and emo subcultures. Inheriting the folk
tradition of the protest song, rock music has been associated with
political activism as well as changes in social attitudes to race, sex and drug
use, and is often seen as an expression of youth revolt against
adult consumerism and conformity.
Subgenres
Art
rock – Baroque
pop –Beat music – Britpop – Emo – Experimental
rock – Garage
rock – Glam
rock – Gothic
rock – Grindcore – Group
Sounds – Grunge –Hard rock – Heartland rock – Heavy
metal –Instrumental rock – Indie
rock – Jangle
pop –Krautrock – Madchester – Post-Britpop –Power pop – Progressive rock – Protopunk –Psychedelia – Punk rock – Soft
rock –Southern rock – Symphonic
rock - Alternative Rock
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